"It   >  a    t  t  W*-*,  V  - 


Wisconsin  Free  Library  Commission 

American  Social  Questions 

No.  1 


The  Negro  Problem:  a  Bibliography 


r 


By  Vera  Sieg 


I T  y 


Madison,  Wisconsin 
November,  1908 


Outline 


The  Negro  Problem 


PAGE 

GENERAL  BIBLIOGRAPHY        .  ....     5 

1  HISTORICAL  RESUME":   THE  RECONSTRUCTION  PERIOD  AND  RECENT 

DISTINCTIVE  DEVELOPMENTS  IN  THE  PROBLEM       .  .  .8 

2  How  MANY  NEGROES  ARE  THERE  NOW  IN  AMERICA?.  .  .    10 

3  WHAT  is  THE  NEGRO'S  ECONOMIC  AND  INDUSTRIAL  CONDITION?         .    10 

4  WHAT  ARE  THE  NEGRO'S   SOCIAL.   MORAL.  AND  RELIGIOUS  CON 

DITIONS?  .  .  .  .  .  .  .13 

5  WHAT  is  THE  POLITICAL  STATUS  OF  THE  NEGRO?    .  .  .15 

6  CRIME  AMONG  NEGROES  AND  LYNCHING  .    it> 


Proposed  Lines  of  Solution 

GENERAL  BIBLIOGRAPHY        .             .             .             .  .  .18 

1  ECONOMIC  AND  INDUSTRIAL  DEVELOPMENT  .             .  .  .19 

2  EDUCATION                .              .              .              .              .  .  .20 

3  LEGISLATION             .             .             .             .             .  .  .31 

MORAL  AND  RELIGIOUS  INFLUENCES  2° 


OF  THE 

VERSITY 

OF 


Introduction 


This  bibliography  is  the  first  of  a  series  upon  American 
Social  Questions  prepared  by  the  students  of  the  Wis 
consin  Library  School,  Class  of  1908,  and  submitted  by 
them  in  fulfillment  of  the  requirements  for  graduation. 
The  aim  in  publishing  the  bibliographies  is  to  supply  care 
fully  chosen  reading  references  to  up-to-date  books  and 
recent  magazines  bearing  on  urgent  question  which  are  be 
fore  the  people.  These  questions  have  all  aroused  general 
popular  interest  and  are  widely  discussed.  Among  them  are 
Immigration,  P^overty,  Excessive  Wealth,  Municipal  Gov 
ernment,  the  Increase  of  Crime,  and  the  Labor  Problem. 
Although  the  mass  of  material  which  has  accumulated  on 
all  of  these  questions  is  considerable  the  lists  have  been, 
kept  small  and  the  references  carefully  selected  and  an 
notated  with  the  needs  of  the  small  library  in  view. 

It  is  hoped  that  the  series  will  furnish  guides  to  the 
best  literature  and  be  of  use  to  those  desiring  to  look  up 
special  points  or  to  read  in  an  orderly  way.  Popular 
articles  are  given  for  those  who  would  become  familiar 
with  the  main  issues  only,  as  well  as  scientific  material 
for  those  who  would  study  more  thoroughly. 

Interesting  subjects  for  high  school  and  literary  soci 
ety  debates  will  be  found  in  considering  the  effectiveness 
of  various  methods  of  solving  the  problems.  The  series 

178097 


4  AMERICAN  SOCIAL  QUESTIONS 

• 

is  also  adaptable  as  an  outline  for  study  or  discussions  in 
civic  organizations,  betterment  leagues,  social  settlement 
clubs,  and  men's  clubs.  The  arrangement  of  references, 
by  means  of  which  each  bibliography  becomes  a  logically 
developed  study,  follows  outlines  supplied  by  Mr.  Richard 
Henry  Edwards  of  Madison,  Wisconsin,  and  used  in  his 
Social  Problems  Group,  an  account  of  which  will  be  found 
in  Charities  and  the  Commons  for  October  17,  1908.  The 
accompanying  references  upon  the  Negro  Problem  have 
been  approved  by  specialists. 

M.  E.  H. 


The  Negro  Problem 


General  Bibliography 


*  References  marked  thus  are  suggested  for  a  more  scientific  or  detailed 
study  ef  the  problem. 

Books 

CvfBaker,  R.  S.  Following  the  color  line;  an  account  of  Negro  citi 
zenship  in  the  American  democracy.  Doubleday,  1908.  $2. 
"Popular  exposition  of  the  condition  of  the  Negro  in  various  sections 
of  the  United  States,  especially  with  regard  to  his  political,  business, 
and  social  status.  The  facts  and  statistics  have  been  carefully  gathered 
from  many  sources  and  are  no  doubt  accurate.  The  treatment  of  the 
Question  is  sane  and  impartial."  A.  L.  A.  Booklist.  A  large  part  of  the 
book  appeared  serially  in  the  American  magazine  and  these  articles 
are  also  listed  in  this  bibliography  under  their  respective  subjects. 

Bliss,  W.  D.  P.  ed.     New  encyclopedia  of  social  reform.     Funk, 
\J     1908.     $7.50.     See  article  on  The  Negro  in  the  United  States, 
p.  818-20. 

Bruce,  P.  A.     Plantation  Negro  as  a  freeman.     Putnam,  1889. 
$1.25.     (Questions  of  the  day). 
Study  of  the  effects  of  freedom  on  the  Negro. 

ZW  Cable,  G.  W.     Negro  question.     Scribner,   1890.     75c. 

V Silent  South.     Scribner,  1895.     $1. 

Author  lived  in  the  South  and  studied  the  problem  at  close  range. 
Essays  calling  attention  to  the  ethics  of  the  southern  treatment  of  the 
Negro.  Plea  for  awarding  the  Negro  his  full  rights  as  accorded  by  the 
constitution. 

Commons,  J.  R.     The  Negro  (in  his  Races  and  immigrants  in 
America.     1907.     p.  39-62.     Macmillan,  $1.50). 

"Popular  study  with  scientific  basis.  Race  elements  in  relation  to  in 
dustry,  labor,  crime,  health,  and  politics."  A.  L.  A.  Book  list. 

Bois,  W.  E.  B.  Philadelphia  Negro.  Ginn,  1899.  $2.50.  (Uni 
versity  of  Pennsylvania  publications,  No.  14). 

Excellent  as  an  example  of  the  conditions  of  Negroes  in  northern 
cities. 

Souls  of  black  folk.     McClurg,  1903.     $1.20. 
A  humanly  interesting  book,  one  of  tbe  most  popular  of  the  day  on  the 
Negro  problem. 


6  AMERICAN  SOCIAL  QUESTIONS 

/ 

4/*Finot,  Jean.     Race  prejudice.     Button,   1907.     $3. 

An  extensive  argument  to  prove  that  there  are  no  inferior  or  supe 
rior  races,  but  only  races  and  peoples  living  outside  or  within  the  influ 
ence  of  culture. 

D«p  Fleming,  W.  H.     Slavery  and  the  race  problem  in  the  South. 
Estes,  1906.     $1. 

'  <    Haygood,  A.  G.    Our  brother  in  black.     New  York,  Methodist 
Book  Concern,  $1. 
The  creed  of  a  liberal  southerner. 

'Ovp  *Hoff man,  F.  L.    Race  traits,  and   tendencies  of  the  American 
Negro.     Macmillan,  1896.     $1.25. 

Competent  statistician  dealing  with  the  facts.  One  of  the  best  scien 
tific  presentations  of  all  phases.  Treats  of  the  amalgamation  of  the 
races,  and  similar  social  tendencies. 

Ow  Merriam,  G.  S.     The  Negro  and  the  nation:  a  history  of  Ameri 
can  slavery  and  enfranchisement.     Holt,  1906.     $1.75. 
A  good  general  statement  of  the  problem. 

Ck?  Miller,  Kelly.  Race  adjustment:  essays  on  the  Negro  in  America. 
Washington,  Neale,  1908.     $2. 

Contains  the  best  writings  of  one  of  the  ablest  exponents  of  the  so- 
called  radical  school  of  Negro  thought. 

ft'fl  Miinsterberg,  Hugo.    Problems  of  population  (in  his  Americans. 
1904.     p.  168-84.     McClurg,  $2.50). 
Comprehensive  presentation  of  the  problem  in  its  varying  phases. 

V*P Murphy,  E.  G.    The  South  and  the  Negro  (in  his  Problems  of  the 
present  South.     1904.     p.  153-201.  Macmillan,  25c.) 

Written  in  "  the  temper  of  a  judge  and  the  manner  of  a  scholar." 
Atlantic. 

Ot/p  Negro  problem:  a  series  of  articles  by  representative  American 
Negroes  of  to-day.     Pott,  1903.     $1.25. 

Contents:  Industrial  education  for  the  Negro,  by  B.  T.  Washington. 
The  talented  tenth,  by  W.  E.  B.  Du  Bois.  Disfranchisement  of  the 
Negro,  by  C.  W.  Chesnutt.  Negro  and  the  Law.  by  W.  II .  Smith.  Char 
acteristics  of  the  Negro  people,  by  H.  T.  Kealing.  Representative 
American  Negroes,  by  P.  L.  Dunbar.  Negro's  place  in  American  life  at 
the  present  day,  by  T.  T.  Fortune. 

-New    International   Encyclopedia.     Dodd,  1902-4.     See  article 
on  the  Negro,  v.  12,  p.  934-39. 

- ••••••'  Page.  T.  N.    The  Negro:    the  southerner's  problem.    Scribner, 

1904.     $1.25. 

Popular  treatment.  Presents  phases  of  the  problem  plainly,  candidly, 
and  temperately. 

Oup Possibilities    of  the    Negro.     Symposium.     Atlanta,    Franklin 
Printing  and  Publishing  Co.     1904.     $1. 

Valuable  collection  of  views  from  a  wide  variety  of  individuals.  This 
is  perhaps  the  only  symposium  by  southern  white  men  and  Negroes. 

iV  Smith,  W.  B.     The  color  line.     McClure,  1905.     $1.50. 

States  the  prevalent  southern  opinion  as  to  Negro  inferiority. 


THE  NEGRO  PROBLEM 


,  A.  H.  Studies  in  the  American  race  problem;  with  intro 
duction  and  three  papers  by  Walter  P.  Willcox.  Doubleday, 
1908.  $2. 

A  notable  work  by  an  authority.  Written  with  rare  scientific  poise, 
presenting  a  large  amount  of  varied  material  in  readable  form,  and  re 
flecting  the  most  enlightened  southern  view. 

J>yThomas,  W.  H.     Americen  Negro.     Macmillan,  1901.     $2. 

Written  by  a  Negro  reared  in  freedom  in  the  North,  who  dwells  on  the 
dark  side  of  the  situation,  and  writes  in  a  critical  vein.  The  book  has 
been  severely  criticised  as  unjust  by  many  students  of  the  problem, 
among  whom  is  one  of  our  revisers.  It  is  given  a  place  here  as  repre 
senting  one  point  of  view. 

±V*Tillinghast,  J.  A.  Negro  in  Africa  and  America.  Macmillan, 
1902.  $1.50.  (American  Economic  Association  publications. 
3d  series,  v.  3,  no.  2). 

Systematic  treatise  based  on  a  comparison  of  the  Negro  as  a  savage 
with  the  Negro  as  a  slave  and  an  American  citizen. 

p*& Washington,    B.    T.     Future  of  the  American  Negro.     Small,. 

1899.  $1.50. 

Views  of  one  of  the  best  known  representatives  of  the  colored  race. 
A  hopeful  forecast  of  the  Negro's  future. 

Y Up  from  slavery.     Doubleday,   1901.     $1.50. 

The  story  of  personal  achievement  by  a  colored  leader. 

Williams,  F.  B.    A  new  Negro  for  a  new  century.     American 
Publishing  House,  1900. 
An  accurate  and  up-to-date  history  of  the  Negro  in  America. 

Periodicals 

Abbott,  E.  H.     The  South  and  the  Negro.     Outlook,  May  21- 
July  30,  1904,  v.  77.     See  index  for  paging. 

General  9bservations  upon  the  Negro  situation  in  Maryland,  District 
of  Columbia,  and  North  Carolina. 

Bailey,  W.  T.    Negro  problem  stated.     Fortnightly,   May  1906 
v.  85,  p.  909-19. 
Good  general  statement. 

Cable,  G.  W.     The  freedman's  case  in  equity.     Century,  Jan, 
1885,  v.  7,  p.  409-18. 

An  able  plea  that  the  black  man  be  freed  from  suspicion  and  social 
oppression. 

Dillingham,  Pitt.    Settlement  idea  in  the  cotton  belt.     Outlook 
April  12,  1902,  v.  70,  p.  920-22. 

Dowd,  Jerome.    Paths  of  hope  for  the   Negro.     Century,  Dec 

1900,  v.  61,  p.  278-81. 

Pratical  suggestions  from  the  southern  point  of  view. 

*Du  Bois,  W.  E.  B.  Relation  of  the  whites  to  the  Negroes  in  the 
South.  Annals  of  the  American  Academy,  July  1901,  v.  18, 
p.  121-40. 

Vivid  description  of  the  relation  between  the  whites  and  the  Negroes 
in  the  various  lines. 


8  AMERICAN  SOCIAL  QUESTIONS 


Training  of  Negroes  for  social  power.    Outlook.  Oct.  17, 

1903,  v.  75,  p.  409-14. 

An  able  statement  of  the  necessity  for  intelligence,  skill,  and  better 
homes  among  Negroes. 

Hart,  A.  B.     Conditions  of  the  southern  problem.     Independent, 
March  23,  1905,  v.  58,  p.  044-49. 

An  attempt  to  outline  the  salient  causes  of  the  problem,  by  one  who 
has  investigated  the  conditions. 

Higginson,  T.  W.     Intensely  human.     Atlantic,  March  1904,  v. 
93,  p.  588-97. 
A  description  of  Negro  qualities. 

Hyde,  W.  DeW.     National  platform  on  the  race  question.     Out 
look,  May  21,  1904,  v.  77,  p.  lb'9-70. 
Succinct  statement  of  desirable  principles  by  a  northener. 

,  Page,  T.  N.     Great  American  question.      McClure,  March  1907, 
J       v.  28,  p.  5C5-72. 

Consideration  of  the  Negro  problem  in  all  its  different  aspects. 

Negro:    the  southerner's   problem.    McClure,  March-May 

1904,  vol.  22-23.     See  index  for  paging. 

A  clean-spirited  presentation  of  the  situation,  both  past  and  present, 
enlivened  by  the  personal  experiences  of  a  southerner. 

Schurz,  Carl.     Can   the  South  solve  the  Negro  problem?     Mc 
Clure,  Jan.  1904,  v.  22,  p.  259-75. 

"His  paper  has  the  intellectual  authority  which  comes  from  over 
forty  year's  practical  dealing  with  a  question,  oy  a  man  of  distinguished 
mind.  It  has  the  moral  authority  which  comes  only  from  a  man  who 
has  never  allowed  any  consideration  of  policy  to  obscure  the  ethical 
meaning  of  the  question  with  which  he  dealt."— Ed. 

Shaler,    N.    S.     Future    of    the    Negro  in  the  South.     Popular 
Science  Monthly,  June  1900,  v.  57,  p.  147-50. 

Negro  since  the  Civil  war.  Popular  Science    Monthly,  May 

1900,  v.  57,  p.  29-39. 

General  observations  on  Negro  types.  ~ 

Sledd,  Andrew.     Negro:    another  view.     Atlantic.    July    1902, 
v.  90,  p,  05-73. 
A  southern  plea  for  justice  to  the  Negro. 


1 .    Historical  resume :    the  Reconstruction  period  and 
recent  distinctive  developments  in  the  problem 

Book* 

Bois,  W.  E.  B.  Souls  of  black  folk.  1903.  See  chapters  on 
Of  our  spiritual  strivings,  p.  1-12;  Of  the  dawn  of  freedom, 
p.  13-40;  Of  Mr.  B.  T.  Washington  and  others,  p.  41-59. 


THE  XEGRO  PROBLEM 


^' "Dunning,  W.  A.  Reconstruction,  political  and  economic.    Har 
per.  1907.     $2.     (Hart's  American  nation  series,  v.  22). 
A  strong  comprehensive  statement. 

u.  •  *Flcming,  W.  L.     Documentary  history  of  the  Reconstruction: 
political,   military,  social,   religious,  educational,  and  indus 
trial.  1865.  to  the"  present  time.     Clark.  1906-1907.     2  v.     $10. 
A  work  of  great  value  to  the  careful  student. 

lbe>* The  Civil  war  and  the  Reconstruction  in  Alabama.     Mac- 

millan,  1905.     $5.     (Columbia  University  Press  series). 

r  p*Garncr,  J.  W.  Reconstruction  in  Mississippi.  Macmillan.  1901. 
$3. 

£up  Werriam,  G.  S.  Negro  and  the  nation.  1906.  See  chapters  on 
the  conditions  during  the  Reconstruction,  p.  267-390. 

D. 3  Page,  T.  N.  The  Negro:  the  southerner's  problem.  1904.  See 
chapters  on  Slavery  and  the  old  relation  between  the  south 
ern  whites  and  blacks,  p.  3-28:  Some  of  its  difficulties  and 
fallacies,  p.  29-55:  Its  present  condition  and  aspect  as  shown 
by  statistics,  p.  56-85. 

-  ^Rhodes,  J.  F.    History  of  the  United  States.     Macmillan,   1906. 
$17.50.     See  chapters  on  the  Reconstruction  in  v.  2  and  3. 
Able  and  comprehensive  statements. 

^Sinclair,  W.  A.  Aftermath  of  slavery:  a  study  of  the  condition 
and  environment  of  the  American  Negro.  Small,  1905.  -$1.50. 

Periodicals 

Camp,    E.    M.    Our    African    contingent.     Forum,    Aug.    1886, 
v.  1.  p.  562-71. 
Good  statement  of  what  the  Negro  has  accomplished  as  a  freedman. 

Chamberlain.    D.    H.     Reconstruction  and    the  Negro.     North 
American  Review.  Feb.  1879,  v.  128.  p.  161-73. 

Gives  a  comprehensive  resume  of  the  conditions  of  the  Negro  in  Re 
construction  times  and  after. 

Herbert,  H.  A.    Conditions  of  the  Reconstruction  problem.    At 
lantic.  Feb.  1901.  v.  87.  p.  145. 
Clear  statement  of  the  conditions. 

New  slavery  in  the  South.     Independent,   Feb.  25.    1904,  v.  56, 
p.  409-14. 

Description  of  the  present  day  peonage  from  the  life  history  of  a 
Georgia  peon. 

Page,  T.  N.     Southern  people  during  Reconstruction.     Atlantic, 
Sept.  1901,  v.  88.  p.  289-304. 
Describes  the  treatment  of  Negroes  during  Reconstruction. 

Wilson,  Woodrow.    Reconstruction.    Atlantic,  Jan.  1901.  v.  87, 

p.  1-15. 
A  general  description  of  the  period. 


10  AMERICAN  SOCIAL  QUESTIONS 

Q} 

2.  How  many  Negroes  are  there  now  in  America? 

Books 


,  J.  R.     Growth  of  Negro  population  (in  his  Races  and 
immigrants  in  America.     1907.     p.  53-58). 

£  ->•-  *United  States-Census  bureau.     Negroes  in  the  United  States. 
(Bulletin  No.  8). 
Very  important  collection  of  Negro  statistics. 

Periodicals 

Bryce,  James.    Thoughts  on  the  Negro  question.    North  Ameri 
can  Review,  Dec.  1891,  v.  153,  p.  641-60. 
Rapidity  of  Negro  increase,  from  the  statistics  of  1890. 

Commons,  J.  R.     The  Negro.     Chautauquan,  Nov.  1903,  v.  38, 
p.  230-32. 
A  few  important  statistics  of  population. 

Miller,  Kelly.     Expansion  of  Negro  population.     Forum,    Feb. 
1902,  v.  32,  p.  671-79. 

Statistics,  showing  the  increase  in  population  by  decades  since  1790  in 
the  United  States,  southern  states,  and  individual  states. 

Our  Negro  population.     Independent,  Jan.  2,  1902.  v.  54,  p.  57. 

An  editorial  showing  the  growth  of  Negro  population  by  states  in  the 
last  half  century,  taken  from  the  census  of  1900. 

Race  census  at  the  South.  Nation,  June  11,  1901,  v.  73,  p.  24. 

Statistics  showing  the  rapidity  of  Negro  increase  in  the  black  belt  of 
Alabama. 

*Willcox,  W.  F.  Census  statistics  of  the  Negro  and  the  probable 
increase  of  the  Negro  race  in  the  United  States.  Quarterly 
Journal  of  Economics,  Aug.  1905,  v.  19,  p.  548-72,  and 
Review  of  Reviews,  Sept.  1905,  v.  32,  p.  347-48. 

Scientific  and  readable  discussion  concerning  the  present  numbers 
and  probable  future  growth  of  the  Negro  race  in  the  United  States. 
The  article  in  the  Review  of  Reviews  is  a  digest.  The  same  material 
will  be  found  in  Stone's  Studies  in  the  American  race  jn'vhlem.  p.  47i>-530. 


3.     What    is    the    Negro's    economic    and    industrial 
condition? 

Books 

'   v    Brackett,  J.  R.  Progress  of  the  colored  people  of  Maryland  since 
the  war.     Baltimore,  Hopkins,  1890.     $1. 
A  supplement  to  his  Negro  in  Maryland. 


THE  NEGRO  PROBLEM 


t?op  Bruce,  P.  A.  Plantation  Negro  as  a  free  man.  1899.  See  chap 
ters  on  The  Negro  as  an  agricultural  laborer,  p.  175-92;  Mate 
rial  condition  of  the  laborer,  p.  193-210;  Renters  and  land 
owners,  p,  211-27;  Mechanics,  p.  228-40. 

Commons,  J.  R.  Negro  artisan  (in  his  Trade  unionism  and  labor 
problem*.     1905.  p.  349-70.     Ginn,  $2.50). 

A  symposium  by  authorities  on  labor  questions,  discussing"  local  con 
ditions  in  Texas.  Employment  of  skilled  Negroes  in  the  South.  Atti 
tude  of  organized  labor. 

CM  *Du  Bois,  W.  E.  B.  ed.  Economic  co-operation  among  Negro 
Americans.  Atlanta  University  Press,  1907.  $1.  (Atlanta 
University  publications,  no.  12). 

gel.  Negro   artisan.     Atlanta  University  Press,    1902.    50c. 
(Atlanta  University  publications,  no.  7). 

ed.  Negro  in  business.    Atlanta  University  Press,  1899.  25c. 
(Atlanta  University  publications,  no.  4). 
Statistics  valuable  for  a  technical  study  of  the  problem. 

Negro  landholder  of  Georgia.    United  States  Labor  bureau. 

1901.     (Bulletin  no.  35). 

-'•://* Occupations  of  Negroes    (in  his  Philadelphia  Negro.     1899. 

p.  97-146). 

1    * and  Stone.  A.  H.    Economic  future  of  the  Negro  (\i\\Ajner- 

ican  Economic  Association  publications.     1906.     p.  219-94). 

Ingle,  Edward.    Negro  in  the   District  of  Columbia.  Baltimore, 
Hopkins,  1893.  $1. 
Reports  careful  investigations. 

Kelsey,  Carl.  The  present  situation  (in  his  Negro  farmer.  1903. 
p.  29-60.     Chicago,  Jennings,  50c.). 

An  excellent  chapter  on  the  present  economic  situation  of  the  Negro 
farmer  in  the  different  districts. 

!     Spahr,  C.  B.  America's  working  people.    Longmans,  1900.  $1.25. 
See  chapters  on  Negro  as  an  industrial  factor,  p.  72-90;  Negro 
as  a  citizen,  p.  91-119. 
Based  on  a  personal  study  of  conditions  in  southern  factory  towns. 

TV^Stone,  A.  H.  Negro  in  the  Yazoo- Mississippi  delta  (in  American 
Economic  Association  publications.  1902.  3d  series,  v.  3,  p. 
246-78). 

An  authoritative  statement  of  the  social  and  economic  situation  in 
the  black  belt  of  ^Mississippi,  by  a  resident  of  that  section.  Same  mater 
ial  will  be  found  in  Stone's  Studies  in  the  American  race  problem,  p,  81- 
124. 

:     *Tillinghast,  J.  A.  Negro  as  a  free  citizen  (in  his  Negro  in  Africa 
and  America.     1902.  p.  176-93). 
Information  as  to  his  industrial  progress. 


12  AMERICAN  SOCIAL  QUESTIONS 

XX* 

0  Washington,  B°  T."  Negro  in  business.     Chicago,  Hertel,  1907. 


i 


The  purpose  of  this  book  is  to  set  forth  examples  of  Negro  success 
which  may  serve  to  encourage  others  of  the  race  to  go  forward  in  busi 
ness  directions. 

Periodicals 

ker,  R.  S.  Negro's  struggle  for  survival  in  the  North.  Amer 
ican  Magazine,  March  1908,  v.  65,  p.  473-85. 

Mr.  Baker's  series  of  articles  in  the  American  Magazine  is  a  graphic 
statement  for  popular  use. 

Barry,    Richard.     Slavery  in   the  South    today.     Cosmopolitan, 
March  1907,  v.  42,  p.  481-91. 
Good  for  an  understanding  of  peonage. 

Bulkley,  W.  L.     Industrial  conditions  of  the  Negro  in  New  York 
city.     Annals    of  the  American    Academy,    May  1906,  v.   27, 
p.  590-96. 
Presents  the  conditions  in  the  northern  cities. 

Daniels,  John.     Industrial  conditions  among  Negro  men  in  Bos 
ton.     Charities,  Oct.  7,  1905,  v.  15,  p.  35-39. 

Graphic  description  of  the  occupations  of  Negroes  in  Boston,  as  typical 
of  the  North. 

*Du  Bois,  W.  E.  B.  Relation  of  the  whites  to  the  Negroes  in  the 
South.  Annals  of  the  American  Academy,  July  1901,  v.  18, 
p.  124-28. 

Vivid  description  of  the  relations  of  the  whites  and  blacks  in  the 
various  lines. 

Savings  of  black  Georgia.     Outlook,     Sept.  14,  1901,  v.  69, 

.  p.  128-30^ 

Fleming,  W.  L.     Immigration  and   the  Negro  problem.     World 
To-day,  Jan.  1907,  v.  12,  p.  96-97. 

Describes  the  economic  inefficiency  of  the  average  Negro  laborer  and 
expresses  the  hope  that  increased  immigration  in  the  South  will  stimu 
late  him. 

Irwin,    M.    F.     The    Negro:  a  business    proposition.     Outlook, 
Nov.  30,  1901,  v.  69,  p.  815-20. 
This  writer  believes  Negro  can  be  employed  to  good  advantage. 

Kelsey,  Carl.  Evolution  of  Negro  labor.  Annals  of  the  American 
Academy,  Jan.  1903,  v.  21,  p.  55-76. 

Enlightening,  detailed  description  of  the  conditions  of  the  Negro 
laborer  in  early  slave  days  and  some  lines  along  which  there  has  been 
development. 

Miller,  Kelly.  Negroes'  part  in  the  Negro  problem.  Forum, 
Oct.  1904,  v.  36,  p.  289-304. 

A  plea  for  the  Negro,  discussing  his  character  and  what  he  has  accom 
plished  in  business. 

Ovington,  M.  W.  Fresh  air  work  among  colored  children  in  New 
York.  Charities,  Oct.  13,  1906.  v.  17,  p.  115-17. 

Holds  that  by  training  children  in  the  way  of  justice  and  sympathy 
the  race  problem  will  ultimately  be  solved. 


THE  NEGRO  PROBLEM  13 


* Negro  in  the  trades  unions  in  New  York.     Annals  of  the 

American  Academy,  May  1906.    v.  27,  p.  551-58. 

Statistics  showing-  the  number  of  Negroes  who  are  members  of  the 
various  unions  in  New  York.  Presents  their  condition  as  favorable  in 
comparison  with  the  white  man's. 

*Stone,   A.   H.    Plantation    experiment.     Quarterly   Journal  of 
Economics,  June  1905.      v.  19,  p.  270-87. 

The  failure  to  keep  the  Negroes  on  this  plantation,  goes  to  show  that 
they  are  notional,  whimsical,  restless,  and  migratory.  This  material 
will  also  be  found  in  Stone's  Studies  in  the  American  race  problem, 
p.  125-48. 

Washington,  B.  T.     American  Negro  and    his  economic  value. 

International  Monthly.    Dec.  1900,  v.  2,  p.  672-86. 
^  States  with  a  few  statistics  the  typical  lines  of  Negro  business  in  dif 
ferent  portions  of  the  South. 

National  Negro  business  league.  World's  Work,  Oct.  1902. 

v.  4,  p.  2671-75. 

Some  interesting-  facts  about  the  commercial  and  industrial  rise  of  the 
Negro  as  shown  by  the  results  of  this  leag-ue. 

Wright,  R.  R.    Negro  in  times  of  industrial  unrest.     Charities, 
Oct.  7,  1905.     v.  15,  p.  69-73. 

Shows  the  value  of  Negro  labor  in  Chicago,  principally  as  strike 
breakers. 


4.  What  are  the  Negro's  social,   moral,  and    religious 
conditions  ? 

Books 

rBrucc,  P.  A.     Plantation  Negro  as  a  freeman.     1889.     See  chap 
ters   on   religion,  p.  93-110;   Superstition,   p.    111-25;  General 
I  characteristics  —  moral,  p.  126-42. 

Resume"  of  social  conditions  in  slave  days  and  the  relations  at  present 
between  blacks  and  whites;  a  description  of  their  homes,  their  religious 
beliefs,  and  moral  attitude. 

>.-Du  Bois,  wVE.*tiL-  Philadelphia  Negro.  1899.  See  chapters  on 
Negro  family,  p.  164-96;  Organized  life  of  the  Negro,  p.  197- 
234;  Pauperism  and  alcoholism,  p.  269-86;  Environment  of 
the  Negro,  p.  287-321;  Contact  of  races,  322-67. 

& ed.     Negro  church.     Atlanta  University  Press,  1904.     50c. 

(Atlanta  University  Publications,  No.  8). 

* Negro  in  the  black  belt.  United  States  Labor  bureau,  1899. 

(Bulletin  No.  22).  ?  £  )//f  $  >/ a^^f**" 

Interesting- social  sketches. 

Souls  of  black  folk.     1903.     See  chapters  on  Of  the  black 

belt,  p.  110-34;  Of  the  quest  of  the  golden  fleece,  p.  135-62;  Of 
the  faith  of  the  fathers,  p.  189-206. 

Describes  their  daily  lives  and  their  religious  beliefs. 


14  AMERICAN  SOCIAL  QUESTIONS 

d 

;  Kelsey,  Carl.     Social  environment  (in  his  Neqro  farmer.     1903. 
p.  61-66). 

Concise  statement  of  the  characteristics  of  the  Negro,  his  mode  of  liv- 
^.  ™£  and  the  factors  that  go  to  make.his  social  life. 

mt,  my.  Riis,  J.  A.     Color  line  in  New  York  (in  his  How  the  other  half 
j^*        lives.     1903.     p.  148-58.     Scribner,  $1.25). 

Picture  of  the  social  condition  of  the  Negro  in  New  York. 

A  p*Stone,  A.  H.     Mulatto  factor  (in  his  Studies  in  the  American  rac« 
problem.     1908.     p.  425-42). 
Strong-  presentation  of  an  element  which  is  little  treated. 


-  Studies  in  the  American  race  problem.     1908.     See  chap- 
•        ters  on  Race  friction,  p.  211-41;  Mr.  Roosevelt,  the  South,  and 

the  Negro,  p.  242-350. 
Admirable  discussion  of  the  present  situation. 

$0  £  *  ~      *United  States  Labor  bureau.     Condition  of  the  Negro  in  vari 
ous  states.     (Bulletin,  No.  10). 

Periodicals 

Baker,  R.  S.     Color  line  in    the  North.     American  Magazine, 
Feb.  1908,  v.  65,  p.  345-57. 

•    Ostracized  race  in    ferment.     American    Magazine,  May 
1908,  v.  66,  p.  60-70. 

-  Tragedy  of  the  mulatto.     American  Magazine,  April  1908, 
v.  65,  p.  582-98. 

Commons,  J.  R.     The  Negro.     Chautauquan,  Nov.  1903,  v.  38, 
p.  223-33. 
Brief  statement  of  the  Negroes'  immorality,  the  causes  and  results. 

*Eliot,  C.  W.     Problems  of  the  Negro.     International,  June  1904, 
v.  9,  p.  285-91. 
His  social  status  from  the  northern  and  southern  points  of  view. 

Fernandis,    S.   C.     Social    settlements  in  South    Washington, 
Charities,  Oct.  7,  1905,  v.  15,  p.  64-66. 

Shows  how  they  live  in  Washington,  and  what  is  being-  done  to  im 
prove  the  conditions. 

Negroes  in  the  cities  of   the   North.     Charities,  Oct.  7,   1905, 
v.  15,  p.  1-96. 

A  special  number  of  Charities  devoted  to  the  subject  with  many  ad 
mirable  articles. 

Pendleton,  H.  B.    Negro  dependence  in  Baltimore.     Charities, 
Oct.  7,  1905,  v.  15,  p.  50-58. 
Describes  the  Negro's  manner  of  life. 

Phillips,  H.  L.    Social  condition  of  the  Negro.     Charities  Re 
view,  Feb.  1900.     v.  9,  p.  575-78. 
Conditions  in  Philadelphia. 


THE  NEGRO  PROBLEM  15 


Platform  of  the  Niagara  movement.     Outlook,  Sept.  1,  1906.    v. 
84,  p.  3-4. 

Concise  statement  of  the  five  principles  which  comprised  the  platform 
of  the  Niagara  movement  in  1908,  the  second  annual  meeting. 

Race  social  equality.     Gunton,  Sept.  1903,  v.  25.  p.  189-94. 

Reasons  why  social  equality  is  impossible,  from  the  southern  view 
point, 

Tayleur,  Eleanor.     Social  and  moral  decadence.    Outlook,  Jan. 
30,   1904,  v.  70,  p.  266-71. 

Describes  the  condition  of  the  Xegro  woman  of  to-day.    Author  con 
siders  her  an  important  factor  in  the  problem. 

Williams,    F.    B.    Social  bonds  in   the  black    belt  of  Chicago. 
Charities,  Oct.  7,  1905,  v.  15,  p.  40-44. 

Vivid  description  of  the  social  life,  which  consists  in  connection  with 
the  church  and  various  secret  orders. 


5.  What  is  the  political  status  of  the  Negro? 

Book* 

\  HCable,  G.  W.   Silent  South.    1895.     See  chapters  on  Freedman's 
case  inequity,  p.  1-39:  Silent  South,  p.  4:>-112. 

Plea  for  awarding  the  Negro  his  full  rights  as  accorded  by  the  consti 
tution. 

'-••••Murphy.  E.  G.     South    and -the  Negro    (in  his    Problems  of  the 
present  South.     1904.     p.  188-201). 

Brief  summary  of  the  political  question  from  the  Civil  war  to  the 
present  time,  with  suggestions  for  solution. 

r    Page,  T.  N.     Partial  disfranchisement  of  the  Negro  (in  his  The 
Negro:  the  Southerners  problem.     1904.     p.  120-62). 

^Sinclair,  W.  A.     Aftermath  of  slavery.     Small,    1905.     $1.50. 
Deals  extensively  with  suffrage  in  Reconstruction  times  and  after. 

v:-*Stone,    A.  H.     Negro  in  politics  (in  his  Studies  of  the  American 
race  problem.     1908.     p.  351-424). 
Careful  and  comprehensive  discussion  of  the  subject. 

L>  p*Tillinghast,  J.  A.    Negro  as  a  free  citizen  (in  his  Negro  in  Africa 
and  America.     1902.     p.  217-27). 

^Washington,  B.  T.     Future  of  the  American  Negro.     1899. 

A  clear  statement  of  the  political  phase  of  the  problem  will  be  found 
on  pages  127-56. 

*W Up    from    slavery,    1901.     See  index  under  Franchise  for 

references  giving  Mr.  Washington's  hopeful  views  of  the  sit- 
u  ation. 


16  AMERICAN  SOCIAL  QUESTIONS 


Periodicals 

Baker,  R.  S.     Black   man's  silent  power.     American  Magazine, 
xy  July  1908,  v.  66,  p.  288-300. 

Negro  in  politics.     American  Magazine,  June   1908,  v.  66, 

v,    p.  169-80. 

Bowie,  S.  J.     Southern  representation  in  congress.    Independent, 
June  18,  1906,  v.  60,  p.  151-54. 

Case  is  stated  in  a  favorable  form,  for  the  stringent  provision  in 
tended  to  reduce  the  Negro  vote. 

Grimke,  A.  H.     Why  disfranchisement  is  bad.     Atlantic,  July 
1904,  vol.  94,  p.  72-81. 

Hood,  J.  W.     Enfranchisement  no  blunder.     Independent,   Aug. 
27,  1903,  v.  55,  p.  2021-24. 

Resum6  of  enfranchisement  in  Reconstruction  times  and  after,  and 
argument  that  disfranchisement  is  the  wrong  method  of  solving  the 
problem. 

Negro  suffrage  in  the   South.     Outlook,   June  13,    1903,  v.  74, 
p.  399-403. 
Clear  statement  of  the  conditions  in  the  various  states. 

Page,  T.  N.     Disfranchisement  of   the   Negro.     Scribner,    July 
1904.    v.  36,  p.   15-24. 
General  article  on  existing  conditions. 


6.  Crime  among  Negroes  and  lynching 


1  V-Bruce,  P.  A.     Negro  and  criminal  law  (in  his  Plantation  negro  as 
as  a  freeman.     1889.     p.  77-92). 

vo  Campbell,  R.  F.     Some  aspects  of  the  race  problem  in  the  South. 
Asheville,  Citizen's  Co.     1899.     5c. 

A  discussion  of  three  causes  of  Negro  criminality  will  be  found    on 
p.  15-22. 

J.  E.     Lynch  law.     Longmans,  1905.     $1.50. 
Includes  the  lynching  of  all  races  in  the  United  States.    Interesting 
facts  about  the  causes  alleged  for  lynching,  and  the  public  view  of  that 
crime.    See  index  under  Negroes. 

IlpDu  Bois,  W.  E.  B.    Negro   crime.     Atlanta  University  Press, 
1904.     25c.  (Atlanta  University  publications,  No.  9). 

Q"P Negro  criminal  (in  his  Philadelphia  Negro.     1899.     p.    235- 

68). 

Gives  a  brief  history  of  crime  in  the  city,  comparative  statistics,  and 
the  nature  and  causes  of  crime. 


THE  NEGRO  PROBLEM  17 


D«f#Kellor,  F.  A.    Experimental  sociology,  descriptive  and  analyti 
cal:  delinquents.     Macmillan,  1901.     $2. 
Social  study  of  Negro  delinquents. 

p^rcMurphy,  E.  G.     South  and  the  Negro  (in  his  Problems  of  the  pres 
ent  South.     1904.     p.  173-82). 
Some  of  the  causes,  and  the  Negro's  opinion,  of  crime. 

.  -  Page,  T.  N.     The  lynching  of  Negroes,  its  cause  and  its  preven 
tion  (in  his  Negro:  the  Southerner' s problem.     1904.     p.  86-119). 

P^AVashington,  B.  T.     Future  of  the  American  Negro.   1899. 

Brief  but  pointed  discourse  on  lynching-,  some  of  its  causes  and  reme 
dies,  will  be  found  on  p.  185-99. 

•     *Willcox,  W.  F.    Negro  criminality  (in  Stone,  A.  H.  Studies  in  the 
American  race  problem,     p.  443-75). 
Careful  and  readable  discussion  of  the  facts  and  issues  involved.     <J3 


Periodicals 

Barnett,  I.  B.  W.    Lynching  and  the  excuse  for  it.    Independent, 
May  16,  1901,  v.  53,  p.  1133-36. 

Plain  statement.    Tables  showing  the  crimes  for  which  the  Negro  has 
been  lynched. 

Cause  and  cure  of  lynching.     Outlook,  Aug.   15,    1903,   v.    74, 
p.  927-29. 
A  portion  of  President  Roosevelt's  letter  to  Governor  Durbin. 

Kellor,  F.  A.    Criminal  Negro.     Arena,  Jan. -May  1901,    v.  25. 
See  index  for  paging. 

Excellent  study  of  the  influences  which  go  toward  making  the  Negro 
a  criminal,  and  his  treatment  as  such  in  the  various  southern  states. 

Medicine  for  the  mob.     Outlook,  Feb.  2,  1907,  v.  85,  p.  249-50. 
Concise  statement  of  the  causes  of  and  possible  cures  for  lynching 
and  riots. 

Page,  T.  N.    Lynching  of  Negroes.     North  American  Review, 
Jan.  1904,  v.   178,  p.  33-48. 

Excellent,  popular  account  of  the  causes,  extent,  and  cure  of  lynch 
ing. 

Sledd,  Andrew.     Negro:     another  view.     Atlantic,   July  1902, 
v.  90,  p.  65-73. 

Impartial  statement  of  facts  to  be  considered  in  the  problem:  the  in 
feriority  and  fundamental  rights  of  the  Negro. 

Waring,  J.  H.  M.     Causes  of  criminality  among  colored   people. 
Charities,  Oct.  7,  1905,  v.  15,  p.  45-49'. 

Comprehensive  article  containing  six   important   causes  of   Negro 
criminality  and  the  evident  results. 


18  AMERICAN  SOCIAL  QUESTIONS 


The  Proposed  Lines  of  Solution 
General  Bibliography 

Books 

1  ..   Merriam,  G.  S.     Looking  forward  (in  his  Negro  and  the  nation. 
1906.     p.  391-411). 
Brief,  optimistic  presentation  of  the  different  lines  of  solution. 

Periodicals 

Andrews,  E.  F.    Where  the  race  problem  has  solved  itself.    Cen 
tury,  April  1907,  v.  73,  p.  961-02. 
An  example  showing  what  has  been  done. 

Baker,  R.  S.    What  to  do  about  the  Negro.    American  Magazine, 
Sept.  1908,  v.  66,  p.  463-70. 

Colquhoun,  A.  R.     Future  of  the  Negro.     North  American  Re 
view,  May  1903,  v.  176,  p.  657-74. 

Discusses  the  various  methods  of  solution  already  tried.    Author  be 
lieves  there  must  be  a  change  of  attitude  on  the  part  of  the  whites. 

Dowd,  Jerome.     Paths  of  hope  for  the  Negro.     Century,  Dec. 
1900,  v.  61,  p.  278-81. 

Elihu  Root  on  the  Negro  problem.     Harper's  Weekly,  Feb.  21, 
1903,  v.  47,  p.  306-7. 

Forceful  presentation  of  the  problem  and  the  possible  solution  by  de 
portation  to  Mexico. 

Hart,  A.  B.    Remedies  for  the  southern  problem.     Independent, 
May  4,  1905,  v.  58,  p.  993-96. 

Clear  statement  of  remedies  along  the  lines  of  peonage,  industrial 
education,  race  separation,  and  the  slow  uplifting  of  the  Negro. 

Hyde,  W.  D.    National  platform  on  the  race  question.     Outlook, 
May  21,  1904,  v.  77,  p.  169-70. 
Concise  statement  of  the  various  lines  of  solution. 

tyorthern,  W.  J.  Negro  situation  —  one  way  out.     World  To-day. 
«y  Sept.  1907,     v.  13,  p.  893-96. 
A  line  of  solution  in  Georgia. 

Page,  T.  N.  Southerner  on  the  Negro  question.  North  American 
Review,  April  1902,     v.  154.  p.  401-13. 

Holds  that  the  solution  will  be  natural:   the  best  of  the  Negroes  will 
be  absorbed,  some  will  go  back  to  Africa,  and  residue  will  perish  under 
conditions  of  life  unsuited  to  progress. 

*Most  of  the  works  in  the  general  bibliography  on  the  problem  contain 
suggestious  upon  the  lines  of  solution  in  their  concluding  chapters. 


THE  NEGRO  PROBLEM  19 


1 .  Economic  and  industrial  developments 

Books 

'  c  Richings,  G.  T.    Evidences  of  progress  among  colored  people. 
1896. 

Latter  half  of  book  takes  up  the  business  and  professional  develop 
ment  of  the  Negro  using  personal  illustrations. 

JVc*Stone,  A.  H.    Economic  future  of  the  American  Negro  (in  his 
Studies  in  the  American  race  problem.     1908.    p.  149-210). 
Points  out  the  economic  door  of  hope. 

Periodicals 

Edwards,  H.  S.  Negro  and  the  South.  Century,  June  1906,  v. 
72,  p.  212-15. 

Stride  towards  the  elevation  of  the  race,  because  of  the  Negroes  own 
ing  their  own  homes  and  receiving  higher  salaries. 

Light  from  a  southern  source  on  the  Negro  problem.  Harper's 
Weekly,  March  4,  1905,  v.  49,  p.  303. 

Concise  statement  of  gratifying  industrial  conditions  of  the  Negro  in 
the  Yazoo  Delta  district,  the  heart  of  the  black  belt  where  there  is  the 
greatest  political  and  social  inequality;  goes  to  prove  that  the  solution 
will  be  solved  by  transforming  the  Negro  into  a  land-owner. 

Miller,  Kelly.  Economic  handicap  of  the  Negro  in  the  North. 
Annals  of  the  American  Academy,  May  1906,  v.  27,  p. 
543-50. 

States  the  effect  of  unfriendly  environment,  with  which  the  Negro 
has  to  contend  in  the  North,  and  suggests  methods  of  solution  along 
industrial  lines. 

Shaler.  N.  S.  Future  of  the  Negro  in  the  southern  states.  Popu 
lar  Science  Monthly,  June  1900,  v.  57,  p.  147-56. 

Discussion  of  the  needs  of  the  Negro  and  the  lines  of  work  open  to 
him.  Author  believes  the  time  has  come  for  co-operative  work  between 
the  North  and  South. 

Smith,  R.  L.  Village  improvement  among  the  Negroes.  Out 
look,  March  31,  1900,  v.  64,  p.  733-36. 

Interesting  account  of  the  work  done  by  the  Farmers'  Improvement 
Society  in  Texas,  and  the  hearty  co-operation  of  the  white  race. 

Washington,  B.  T.  Agricultural  Negro.  Arena,  Nov.  1902, 
v.  28,  p.  461-63. 

In  the  consideration  of  the  problem,  the  author  is  convinced  that  for 
many  years,  at  least,  the  Negro  should  be  encouraged  to  own  and  culti 
vate  the  soil. 

Land-hunger  in  the  black  belt.  Lippincott,  June  1906,  v.  77, 

p.  757-63. 

Tells  of  the  struggle  the  Negroes  are  making  to  better  their  own  con 
ditions. 

Willey,  D.  A.  Negro  and  the  soil.  Arena,  May  1900,  v.  23. 
p.  553-60. 

Several  illustrations  are  given,  showing  the  success  of  the  Negro  in 
agricultural  pursuits. 


20  AMERICAN  SOCIAL  OUBSTIONS 


2.   Education 

Books 

u  Bois,  W.   E.  B.    College-bred   Negro.     Atlanta   University 
Press,  1901.     25c.    t>  U  A,..,  /^  <^L 
Some  convincing  results  of  the  higher  education  for  students. 

ed.    Common  school.    Atlanta  University  Press,  1901.    25c. 
(Atlanta  University  publications,  no.  G). 

Excellent  material  'for  a  detailed  study  of  the  educational  phases  of 
the  problem. 

ed.     Negro  artisan.     Atlanta  University  Press,  1902.     50c. 
(Atlanta  University  publications,  no.  7). 
Detailed  study  of  the  methods  and  results  of  the  industrial  schools. 

Dt>p —  Souls  of  black  folk.  1903.  See  chapters  on  Of  the  training 
of  black  men,  p.  88-109;  Of  the  meaning  of  progress,  p.  60-74; 
Of  the  wings  of  Atalanta,  p.  75-87. 

Acknowledges  the  good  work  of  schools  like  Tuskegee,  but  contends 
for  the  higher  education  and  the  political  rights  of  the  Negro. 

rom  servitude  to  service.    Boston,  American  Unitarian  Asso 
ciation,  1905.     $1.10. 
Presentation  of  Negro  progress. 

,  G.  T.      Evidences  of  progress  among  colored  people. 
Philadelphia,  Ferguson  Co.  1896.     $1. 

Deals  extensively  with  the  schools  which  have  been  built  for  colored 
people  and  managed  by  whites,  and  the  schools  managed  by  colored 
people,  with  short  sketches  of  the  educators. 

"D-j$  Sinclair,  W.  A.  Rise  and  achievements  of  the  colored  race  (in 
his  Aftermath  of  Slavery.  1905.  p.  259-90). 

IX'pWashington,  jj.  T.  ed.  Tuskegee:  its  people,  their  ideals  and 
achievements.  Appleton,  1905.  $2. 

Scope  of  the  school  work  is  outlined,  and  definite  information  given 
as  to  what  the  graduates  are  doing  with  their  education,  by  autobio 
graphical  sketches. 

top Working  with  the  hands.     Doubleday,  1904.     $1.50. 

Author's  experiences  in  industrial  training  at  Tuskegee.  presenting 
the  many  phases  of  work  done  there. 

Periodicals 

Baker,  R.  S.     New  southern  statesmanship.     American  Maga 
zine,  Aug.  1908,  v.  66,  p.  381-91. 

Benson,  W.  E.    Kowaliga:  a  community  with  a  purpose.     Char 
ities,  Oct.  7,  1905,  v  .  15,  p.  22-24. 

Negro  school  where  a  common  school  education  is  afforded  along 
with  manual  and  industrial  training. 


THE  NEGRO  PROBLEM  21 


Bon  ham,    M.    L.    Answer  to  the  Negro  question:    education. 
Education,  April  1908,  v.  28.  p.  507-10. 

Author  believes  that  when  the  Negroes  are  educated,  they  will  realize 
that  social  equality  is  an  impossibility,  and  will  emigrate. 

Scarborough,  W.   S.    Negro  and  the  higher  learning.     Forum, 
May  1902.     v.  33,  p.  349-55. 

Stratton,  J.  R.    Will  education  solve  the  race  problem'.'     North 
American  Review,  June  1900,  v.  170,  p.  785-91. 
Rather  pessimistic  view.    Excellent  statement  of  Negro  morals. 

Washington,  B.  T.     Education  will  solve   the   race   problem. 
North  American  Review,  Aug.  1900,  v.  171,  p.  221-32. 

Very  .hopeful  view  of  the  solution  by  education  along  industrial 
lines.  -o3 

Negro    college    town.     World's  Work,  Sept.     1907,  v.    14, 

p.  9361-67. 

Interesting  description  of  the  college  at  Wilberforce,  and  the  com 
munity  which  is  made  up  almost  entirely  of  prosperous  Negroes. 

Washington,    B.  T.     Salvation  of  the  Negro.     World's   Work, 
July  1901,  v.  2,  p.  961-71. 
Value  of  the  work  of  Hampton  Institute  as  it  has  been  tested  by  time. 

Work  and  education.     Outlook,  March  7,  1908,  v.  88,  p.  526-27. 

Evidences  of  thrift  and  progress  in  social  welfare,  brought  out  in  the 
annual  Negro  conference  at  Tuskegee. 


3.  Legislation 


Books 

Stone,  A.  H.    The  Negro  in  politics  (in  his  Studies  in  the  Ameri 
can  race  problem.     1908.     p    351-424). 
Suggestions  as  to  advisable  lines  of  action. 

Periodicals 

Farm  for  juvenile  Negro  offenders.     Current  Literature.   Feb. 
1905.   v.  38,  p.  101-2. 

Holds  that  this  would  be  one  of  the  first  steps  towards  solution,  if  it 
were  put  into  practice  throughout  the  South. 

Mob  or  court?     Outlook,  April  4,  1908,  v.  88,  p.  768-69. 

An  editorial  holding  that  the  civil  right  of  every  Negro  to  trial  by 

juries  open  to  Negroes,  has  been  upheld  in  Florida. 

Recons  truction  and  disfranchisement.    Atlantic,  Oct.  1901,  v. 
88,  p.  433-37. 

Demands  of  the  South  to  apply  to  bpth  races  equally  the  qualifica 
tions  for  the  exercise  of  franchise  and  for  holding  office. 


22  AMERICAN  SOCIAL  QUESTIONS 


4.  Moral  and  religious  influences 

Periodicals 

Abbott,  E.    H.    Religious  tendencies  of   the  Negro.     Outlook, 
Dec.  28,  1901,  v.  69,  p.  1070-76. 

Brings  out  the  effect  of  religion  on  the  Negro.  States  that  there  are 
two  kinds  of  churches — those  which  believe  the  emotional  charisteris- 
ticsof  the  Negro  ought  not  to  be  suppressed,  but  educated  and  guided; 
and  those  which  believe  the  emotional  characteristics  should  be 
minimized  by  the  magnifying  of  intellectual  and  ethical  motives. 

Griffin,    M.    K.    St.  Mark's    and    its  social   work  for   Negroes. 
Charities,  Oct.  7,  1905,  v.  15,  p.  75-76. 

Brief  statement  of  what  is  being  done  in  one  church  in  New  York  city 
for  the  betterment  of  the  Negroes. 

Wright,  R.  R.  jr.    Social  work  and  influence  of  the  Negro  church. 

Annals  of  the  American  Academy,  Nov.  1907,  v.  30,  p.  509-21. 

Statement  of  what  is  being  done  by  the  Negro  church  in  the  towns  and 

cities  both  in  the  North  and  South,  and  the  great  need  of  social  work 

through  this  medium. 


Or 
<UF'-; 


14  DAY  USE 

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